Saltwater Aquarist

Black Angelfish

(Pterophyllum scalare)

Black Angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) in a freshwater aquarium

Species Description…

Scientific Name: Pterophyllum scalare
Common Name: Black Angelfish
Species Group: Cichlid
Tank Type: Community
Care Level: Beginner
Temperament: Semi-aggressive
Diet Type: Omnivore
Role in Aquarium: Showpiece Fish
Max Fish Length: 6 (inches)
Min Aquarium Size: 54 (gallons)
Native Range: Amazon basin in Brazil, Peru and Colombia, plus Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. The black form is captive-bred.
Min Temperature: 75°F
Max Temperature: 86°F
Min pH: 6.0
Max pH: 7.4
Min GH: 0 dGH
Max GH: 15 dGH
Min Group Size:
Breeding: Easy
Lifespan: years

Overview

  • The Black Angelfish is a solid black color form of the freshwater angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare).
  • Wild angelfish come from the Amazon basin in Brazil, Peru and Colombia, and from the Guianas.
  • Grows to about 6 in (15 cm) long and taller with the fins, so it needs a tall tank.
  • Tank-bred angels come in many colors, including black, gold, koi and the standard silver.

Feeding

  • An omnivore. Wild fish eat mostly small crustaceans and other invertebrates.
  • Accepts flakes and pellets, and does best with live or frozen foods such as bloodworm and brine shrimp.

Habitat

  • A tank of at least 39 × 16 × 20 in (100 × 40 × 50 cm). Height of at least 20 in (50 cm) for adults.
  • Planted with tall, leafy plants such as Amazon swords.
  • Gentle water flow. Water: 75–86°F (24–30°C), pH 6.0–7.4, GH 0–15.

Fish Care

  • A good choice for beginners, but plan for adult size and height.
  • [UNVERIFIED] Some strains, including black forms, are said to be less hardy than silver angels.

Compatibility

  • A good community fish, but it may eat small fish such as neon tetras.
  • Avoid fin nippers.

Aquarium Behavior

  • Generally peaceful, but may squabble with its own kind.
  • Best kept in small groups or as a pair.

Breeding

  • Spawns on vertical surfaces like slate, broad leaves or the tank glass.
  • A bonded pair needs little encouragement. Condition them with bloodworm and brine shrimp.
  • Good parents that guard eggs and fry, though some pairs eat their eggs.