Here are some of the most popular freshwater fish species that are commonly kept in aquariums, each with unique characteristics and care requirements.
A common rule of thumb for how many freshwater fish you can keep in an aquarium is to allow about 1 inch of fish per gallon of water; however, this can vary depending on the specific fish species, their adult size, activity level, and bioload, with heavily planted or densely stocked tanks often needing more filtration and swimming room.
Overview The Banded Archerfish (Toxotes jaculatrix) is famous for shooting jets of water to knock insects off overhanging plants. Widespread from India through Southeast Asia to northern Australia and the western Pacific. Grows to about 12 in (30 cm). Lives mainly in...
Overview The Bolivian Ram (Mikrogeophagus altispinosus) is a peaceful dwarf cichlid. It is also sold as the Bolivian butterfly cichlid. Native to the upper Rio Madeira basin in Bolivia and Brazil. Grows to about 3.1 in (8 cm) standard length. Usually a better choice...
Overview The Discus (Symphysodon aequifasciatus and related Symphysodon species) is a disc-shaped Amazon cichlid prized for its color. Wild fish live in slow tributaries and forest pools along the Rio Solimões and Amazon. Grows to about 6 in (15 cm) long and nearly as...
Overview The Frontosa Cichlid (Cyphotilapia frontosa) is a large, blue-and-white barred Lake Tanganyika cichlid with a prominent hump on the forehead. Native to the northern part of Lake Tanganyika. Grows to about 10 in (25.5 cm) standard length. Trade fish are often...
Overview The German Blue Ram (Mikrogeophagus ramirezi), also called Ramirez's dwarf cichlid or butterfly cichlid, is a small, jewel-like dwarf cichlid. Native to the llanos savanna wetlands of the Orinoco basin in Venezuela and Colombia. Grows to about 1.6 in (4 cm)...
Overview The Oscar (Astronotus ocellatus) is a large, intelligent South American cichlid, also called the velvet or tiger oscar. Widespread in the Amazon region, usually in slow or still forest waters. Grows to about 14 in (35 cm) standard length. Typically lives...
Overview The Zebra Danio (Danio rerio) is a hardy, blue-and-gold striped cyprinid, also known as the zebrafish. Native to the Ganges basin and nearby areas of northern India and surrounding countries. Grows to about 2 in (5 cm) standard length. Long-finned and other...